b'Source: Epidemiologic, humanistic and economic burden of hepatocellular carcinoma in the USA: a systematic literature review;Hepatic Oncology; www.futuremedicine.com/doi/10.2217/hep-2020-0024in Houston. This means that old estimates are noC infections (1.71%), those with alcoholic liver dis-longer applicable, and we need new, relevant data toease (1.32%) and those with nonalcoholic fatty liver inform clinical decision making and policy. disease cirrhosis (1.24%). In total, 67 patients had Duringthestudyperiod,135patientsdevelopedhepatitis B infections, and only 32 of those did not HCC at an annual incidence rate of 1.82%, whichhave other risk factors (such as concurrent infection is lower than the rate reported in previous studies.with hepatitis C virus). For that subgroup, the annual (Earlierresearch,whichhasmostlyincludedcir- HCC incidence rate was 1.13%.rhosis patients with untreated hepatitisBandhepatitisC, hasfoundannualincidence A Telephone and Mail Outreach Program Successfully Increases Uptake of Hepatocellular Carcinoma ratesbetween2%and8%.)Surveillance Theseresultsshowthatthe shiftfromhepatitistonon-alcoholic fatty liver disease as a dominant risk factor for cir-rhosis has resulted in a subse-quent reduction in HCC risk among cirrhosis patients. Patientswithactivehepa-titis C infections had a more thantwofoldhigherriskof developingHCCcompared topatientswithnonalco-holic fatty liver disease. The annualHCCincidencerate wasthehighestinpatients with active hepatitis C infec-tions(3.36%),followedby patientswithcuredhepatitisSource: Hepatology Communications, Volume: 4, Issue: 6, Pages: 825-833, First published: 24 April 2020, DOI: (10.1002/hep4.1511)Continued on Page 96 u89Hepatology Communications, Volume: 4, Issue: 6, Pages: 825-833, First published: 24 April 2020, DOI: (10.1002/hep4.1511)'